Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an American activist of the civil Rights movement best known for her crucial role in the Montgomery bus boycott. The United States Congress called it “The first lady of civil rights ” and “The mother of the freedom Movement “.
On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Parks rejected the order of the bus driver James F. Blake to renounce his place in the “coloured section” for a white passenger, after which the only white section was filled. Parks was not the first person to resist bus segregation, nevertheless the National Association for Advancing people of color (NAACP) believed that she was the best candidate to see through a judicial challenge after her arrest for civil disobedience violating the laws of Segregation of Alabama. The prominence of the parks in the community and their willingness to become a controversial figure inspired the black community to boycott the Montgomery buses for more than a year, the first major campaign of direct action of the post-war civil rights movement. His case was pleased in the state courts, nevertheless the demand for Montgomery Browder’s Federal Bus v. Gayle succeeded in November 1956.
The law of the Challenge parks and the Montgomery bus boycott became important symbols of the movement. It has become an international icon of resistance to racial segregation. He organised and collaborated with civil rights leaders, including Edgar Nixon, president of the local chapter of the NAACP; and Martin Luther King, Jr., a new minister in Montgomery who gained national prominence in the civil rights movement and continued to win a Nobel Prize for peace.
At that time, Parks was secretary of the Montgomery chapter of the NAACP. He recently attended the Highlander folk School, a center of Tennessee to train workers ‘ rights activists and racial equality. She acted as a private citizen “Tired of yielding “. Although widely honored in later years, she also suffered by her act; He was fired from his job as a seamstress at a local department store, and received death threats for years later.
Shortly after the boycott, he moved to Detroit, where he briefly found a similar job. From 1965 to 1988 he served as secretary and receptionist of John Conyers, an African-American representative. He also actively participated in the Black Power movement and the support of political prisoners in the United States.
After his retirement, Parks wrote his autobiography and continued insisting that the fight for justice had not ended and that there was more work to be done. In his later years, he suffered from dementia. The parks received national recognition, including the NAACP 1979 Spingarn Medal, the Presidential Medal of Liberty, the Congressional Gold Medal, and a posstuve statue in the National Hall of the United States Capitol. In his death in 2005, she was the first woman to honor the rotunda of the Capitol, becoming the third of only four Americans to receive this honor. California and Missouri commemorate Rosa Parks ‘ birthday on Feb. 4, while Ohio and Oregon commemorate the occasion of the day they were arrested on Dec. 1.
